2.Discuss the significance of BRICS in promoting multipolarity and global diversity.
BRICS, comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, has emerged as a significant player in the global landscape, promoting multipolarity and enhancing global diversity. Its recent expansion to include new members like Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE underscores its commitment to representing the Global South.
Promotion of multipolarity
Counterbalance to western dominance: BRICS seeks to challenge the existing world order dominated by Western powers, advocating for a more balanced distribution of global influence.
Diverse economic representation: The inclusion of emerging economies from different regions allows BRICS to present a unified front on global issues, promoting a multipolar perspective.
Inclusive multilateralism: BRICS advocates for reforming multilateral institutions like the UN to better represent developing countries, aligning with India’s foreign policy goals for greater Global South representation.
Enhancing global diversity
Cultural exchange: The grouping encourages cultural cooperation among member states, fostering mutual understanding and respect for diverse perspectives.
Addressing global challenges: BRICS collaborates on pressing issues such as climate change, poverty alleviation, and health crises, showcasing its commitment to global diversity in addressing common challenges.For example, the group has emphasised equitable access to vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Strengthening south-south cooperation: By promoting collaboration among developing nations, BRICS enhances trade and investment flows, empowering member countries economically.
Challenges Faced by BRICS
Diverse political systems: The differing political ideologies among member states can hinder consensus-building and cohesive action on global issues.
Economic disparities: Varied economic strengths and priorities among members complicate efforts to formulate unified policies that satisfy all parties.
Expansion uncertainties: The recent expansion raises questions about criteria for new membership and the potential dilution of the group’s cohesiveness as it grows.
Geopolitical tensions: Internal conflicts among members or external pressures from dominant powers may affect BRICS’s ability to act as a cohesive unit.
Lack of institutional framework: The absence of formal structures or rules complicates decision-making processes and may undermine the group’s effectiveness in addressing global challenges.
BRICS plays a crucial role in promoting multipolarity and global diversity by providing a platform for emerging economies to voice their concerns and collaborate on common challenges. However, it must navigate various challenges to maintain its effectiveness and unity in an increasingly complex international landscape.
PYQ
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